The oral complications of vitamin deficiencies - one of the first indications of malnutrition - often are spotted by dentists during routine dental visits. One of the most common signs of vitamin deficiencies is oral lesions. Other signs include a change in the color or texture of the tongue, gums, and lips; tender or bleeding gums; or a burning sensation of the tongue. In severe cases, you may develop bad breath.

Your dentist can look into your mouth and recognize the inadequate intake of riboflaven, niacin, vitamin B12, ascorbic acid (vitamin C), vitamin D, iron and calcium. Your dentist may advise a regimen of vitamins or may refer you to a trained nutritionist.

Nutritional concerns are particularly important concerns for older adults because of a disproportionate amount of physical or psychological disorders that may prevent them from eating a balanced diet.